Introduction The increasing use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) and electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), represents a new frontier in global tobacco control efforts.1 Unlike combustible cigarettes, which have been increasingly regulated and taxed in many countries, these new products are often marketed as reduced-risk alternatives with less regulation and lower taxation,2 3 appealing particularly to younger consumers who are often drawn to the technological allure of these devices.4 5 However, the long-term health effects of these products remain uncertain,68 and while some evidence suggests such products may assist in smoking cessation, others indicate limited or inconclusive efficacy, particularly for sustained abstinence.9 Moreover, concerns persist that their availability could undermine cessation efforts by promoting dual use or delaying complete cessation.10 Their growing popularity also raises significant concerns among public health professionals regarding addiction, youth uptake,11 and the overall impact on smoking prevalence.1214 As countries strengthen their tobacco/nicotine control policies, taxation remains a cornerstone of efforts to reduce consumption.1517 However, the tobacco industry has been observed to continually adapt its pricing strategies to mitigate the impact of higher taxes to protect its profits, often undermining public health objectives.18 19 Numerous studies have explored how tax increases on cigarettes are passed on to consumers, whether through perfect pass-through, where the price increase equals the amount of tax increase
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It will affect a group of smokers who were not protected in the past, says Dr
Results Global trends of prostate cancer attributable to smoking among males Of all prostate cancer deaths and DALYs globally in 2019, 6% and 6.6% were attributable to smoking (Fig
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